Improper operation or programming errors can easily cause the tool or tool holder to collide with the workpiece or machine tool. In mild cases, it can damage the tool and the processed parts, in severe cases, it can damage the machine tool components, cause loss of machining accuracy, and even cause personal injury. Therefore, from the perspective of adhering to accuracy, in the application of CNC machine tools, it is absolutely not allowed for the tool to collide with the machine tool or workpiece. Let's analyze the causes of tool collision in CNC machining centers:
Because the CNC machining center is locked using software, it is not visually visible on the imitation interface whether the machine tool is locked when the active work button is pressed during imitation processing. When imitating, the tool is often not aligned, and if the machine tool is not locked in operation, it is very easy to collide with the tool. So before copying and processing, you should go to the work interface to confirm whether the machine tool is locked. Forgetting to turn off the idle work switch during processing. Because during program imitation, in order to save time, the idle work switch is often turned on. Empty work refers to the operation of all motion axes of the machine tool at G00 speed. If the work switch is not turned off during processing, the machine tool ignores the given feed speed and operates at G00 speed, resulting in cutting and collision with the machine tool. After imitating the empty work, there was no return to the reference point. When verifying the program, the machine tool is locked and cannot move, while the tool is working in imitation of the workpiece processing (the positive and relative coordinates are changing). At this time, the coordinates do not match the practical orientation, and the method of returning the reference point must be used to ensure that the mechanical zero point coordinates are the same as the positive and relative coordinates. If no problems are found after verifying the program and processing operations are carried out, it will constitute a collision of the tool. The direction of overtravel removal is incorrect.
When the machine tool overtravels, the overtravel removal button should be held down and moved in the opposite direction manually or manually to eliminate it. But if the direction of removal is reversed, it will cause damage to the machine tool. Because when the overtravel switch is pressed, the overtravel protection of the machine tool will not work, and the travel switch of the overtravel protection is already at the end of the travel. At this point, it may cause the workbench to continue moving towards the overtravel direction, ultimately damaging the screw and causing damage to the machine tool. Improper orientation of the designated line during working hours. When specifying a line of work, it is often performed downward from the cursor position. For lathes, it is necessary to call the tool deviation value of the tool used. If no tool is called, the tool in the work program section may not be the desired tool, and it is highly likely that different tools may cause tool collision accidents. Of course, on machining centers and CNC milling machines, it is necessary to first call the coordinate system such as G54 and the length compensation value of the tool. Because the length compensation value of each knife is different, if not called, it may also constitute a collision.
CNC machining center CNC machine tools, as high-precision machine tools, collision prevention is very necessary. Operators are required to cultivate a habit of being careful and cautious, operate the machine tool in the correct way, and reduce the occurrence of tool collision. With the development of skills, advanced skills such as tool damage detection, machine tool collision prevention detection, and machine tool adaptive processing have emerged, which can better protect CNC machine tools.
